Introduction: One of the features that any profession possesses is that it occupies a SOCIAL status relative to other professions. The present paper discusses the relationship between nursing occupational PRESTIGE and SOCIAL health.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional research that was conducted during year 2015. The study population consisted of 200 nurses working in hospitals located in Hamedan, Iran. Convenience sampling was employed to select 200 nurses, who were asked to respond to the 25-item Keyes’s SOCIAL Health Questionnaire and the 16-item Nursing Occupational PRESTIGE Questionnaire. Higher scores reflected better SOCIAL health and occupational PRESTIGE. The quantitative analysis of this study was carried out using the Statistical Package for SOCIAL Science (SPSS).Results: The results showed that the nurses’ mean score of SOCIAL health and nursing occupational PRESTIGE were respectively 43.88±9.18 and 44.83±25.14. SOCIAL health was significantly related to occupational PRESTIGE in nurses (r=0.15, P=0.04). Overall, 66.5% of the nurses were reported to have average occupational PRESTIGE and 75.5% were believed to have average SOCIAL health. There was a statistically significant difference in scores of occupational PRESTIGE among the nursing post (P=0.01), job satisfaction (P<0.001), and job interest (P=0.007).Conclusions: Nurses’ SOCIAL health deserves special attention. Effective SOCIAL health promotion strategies should be considered for promoting SOCIAL health, particularly in occupational PRESTIGE.

The present research aims at identifying the professional and SOCIAL PRESTIGE of police in Iran and factors impacting it. Identifying the precise SOCIAL PRESTIGE of police and factors contributing to it requires conducting some researches. Therefore, the research methodology has tested the aforesaid issue through analyzing secondary data. The findings of the research indicate that the professional and SOCIAL PRESTIGE of the Iranian police is mediocre; however, has tendency toward upward. The police PRESTIGE, to some extent, depends on the respondents’ gender and education. In other words, ladies compared with men on one hand; and educated people compared with other members of the society consider more value for professional and SOCIAL PRESTIGE of the police. However, the factor which has the highest effectiveness over Iranian police’s PRESTIGE is its effective police-related characteristics. That is to say, police potency and its dispensation during carrying out its tasks and its manner of performance leads to promoting its PRESTIGE. Therefore, the police are strongly recommended to enhance its potency and dispensation while performing its tasks to promote the police’s PRESTIGE.

The purpose of this paper is to identify ways of improving the SOCIAL PRESTIGE of teachers in Hamadan province. This research was conducted using a survey method. Techniques used for data collection was a questionnaire and data of 201 cases of female teachers in each primary Guidance and high schools In important areas (consists of 2 region), semi (3 region) and deprived (4 region) using multi-stage cluster sampling is obtained.The approach is based on a combination of various theorists from different perspectives based on their own specific paradigms of SOCIAL status to the framework of the project were discussed. Most of these theories are theories of Max Weber, Bourdieu, functionalism (Parsons, Davis, Moore and Merton), Collins, Adams, of Relative deprivation and Goffman’s theory.The results of research showed that SOCIAL-economic well-being and functioning of the education system, teachers'' participation in educational decisions, Equitable access to scarce resources, forms of discipline representation And the distances of role are significantly enhances the SOCIAL status of teachers.

Recently archaeological excavations in the eastern cemetery of Qara tepe, Sagzābād, have uncovered graves related to the late second millennium and the first half of the first millennium B.C. (Iron ages 2 and 3). Thankfully, with the excavation of this cemetery, we have obtained some findings based on which we can reconstruct part of the SOCIAL aspects of the life of the societies of the first millennium BC in the region. Graves are one of the most important archaeological contexts for discovering PRESTIGE goods. There are many questions and ambiguities in the field of PRESTIGE goods, changes in their type and value over time, and how they were distributed in the region in the Iron Ages 2 and 3. Given the theoretical discussions raised about PRESTIGE and PRESTIGE goods and the results of the excavations in this cemetery, finds such as sea shells, decorative beads made of carnelian and antimony, cylindrical seals of the neo-Assyrian style, cylindrical seals with geometric designs, and iron ornaments and tools can be considered as PRESTIGE goods. The evidence of this cemetery indicates the elites' efforts in the first millennium B.C. to maintain their SOCIAL PRESTIGE by achieving new categories of PRESTIGE goods. As a sign of connection and interaction with distant lands, these goods could play an influential role in maintaining and developing elites' PRESTIGE and SOCIAL status. Moreover, the finds of this cemetery indicate the efforts of some lower ranks of the society to increase their SOCIAL PRESTIGE and use its advantages.

Introduction Although virtual space has two-sided effects (positive and negative), but could be a conducive instrument to expand relations and increase SOCIAL PRESTIGE of NAJA. The current study was conducted to indicate methods how to increase SOCIAL PRESTIGE of NAJA using virtual space. Method the grounded theory as a qualitative method was used for this research. Unlike quantitative methods that has statistical society and use numerical analysis, the process of gathering data in research field using this method is based on theoretical and purposeful sampling and non-numerical analysis. Thus in this study researchers used the late-mentioned samplings in research field to collect data via interviews until they reached the point of theoretical saturation. The research field was western cities of Tehran province and twelve non-related people plus ten personnel of NAJA were interviewed. The findings of this research are the output of three layers coding of raw data; open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Findings the findings indicate that NAJA can prepare the situation for increasing its SOCIAL PRESTIGE by creativity in virtual space, creating a common virtual space, and removing obstacles in the way of useful interaction in virtual space. Conclusion based on the findings of this research, some strategies like non-violent depictions, attractiveness, expertise and skillfulness of personnel, presenting the achievement, trust-making relations, and mythologizing could have a pivotal role in increasing SOCIAL PRESTIGE of NAJA via virtual space.

Because of the SOCIAL nature of human languages, the people of any society try to credit up the PRESTIGE of their own language in comparison to other languages. In the historical contacts of the languages, some of them become more prestigious and come to the level of the “standard language” of a country or countries and become an indicator for validation of other languages. In contrary, it is also possible that the PRESTIGE of some others lessens and even they may vanish. According to Pierce, “linguistic PRESTIGE” has an interrelationship with “power”, and any prestigious language is supported by a kind of political-governmental, religious, SOCIAL, cultural power or alike. This article tries to investigate the factors and the degree of PRESTIGE of Persian language in a historical point of view, using library data in an analytic-descriptive method. The results of this study show that prestigious condition of Persian language at the first step was achieved because of the necessity of a SOCIAL unity of Iranian tribes. Then through the passage of history of Iran, Persian language used the advantages of governmental-political, religious, cultural, SOCIAL, and financial supports and became prestigious. In spite of historical happenings, the effects of above-mentioned factors have caused Persian to be the most well-known Iranian language with the greatest number of speakers so far. Extended Abstract 1. Introduction All languages, whether live or dead, have their own historical background. In this article a certain aspect of Persian language historical background is noted and it is its “historical PRESTIGE”. The major question arises as such: “why among more than hundred Iranian languages and dialects, Persian specifies the most remarkable prestigious position to itself? ” The reason can be followed in three major factors: time, place, and man. Bastani Parizi says that the triangle of history is based on the same three mentioned columns. 2. Theoretical Framework The history of any language can be studied in different aspects and theoretical approaches. In this article, the history of Persian language is studied based on its historical PRESTIGE aspect. Linguistic PRESTIGE can be placed in sociolinguistic discussions and it often distinguishes the SOCIAL and sometimes political-cultural attitudes towards a language in comparison to other languages. Michael Pearce (2007) believes that there is an interrelationship between “SOCIAL PRESTIGE” and “linguistic PRESTIGE” in some manners. In additions, linguistic PRESTIGE has a direct relation with “power”. It is worth to note that indicators of a language to be prestigious are relative. For instance, although based on the number of speakers, today Persian is not a prestigious language as languages like Chinese, Spanish, English, and Hindi, from some other aspects such as having cultural, literary, and artistic treasures and historical PRESTIGE, it stands on higher levels than the mentioned languages. 3. Methodology The data for this article are gathered through library references, in relation to the major question of the article for the three historical eras of Iranian languages known as Old, Middle, and New. Then with an analytic – descriptive approach, the given data are studied to show the quality of increasing and decreasing of the PRESTIGE of Persian, during its 3000 years of its lifetime. In the whole article, there is an emphasize on functions of the three major elements of time, place and man, in Persian language historical PRESTIGE. 4. Results & Discussion It seems that after the segregation of Iranian languages from the proto-Iranian language, once more a need was felt for a new unification for a common Iranian language among Iranians. They chose Persian language for this purpose. In this way, by the support of Achaemenian government, the foundation was laid for the appearance of a Persian, as a prestigious language among other Iranian languages. In general, the five following factors can be considered as the supporters of Persian language as a prestigious language: 1-individuals and governmental institutions, 2-people in society, 3-individuals and cultural institutions, 4-individuals and religious institutions, 5-Iranian and non-Iranian languages. The earliest time in Iran History, in which Persian language really achieved PRESTIGE, was when Achaemenian governorship in Pars region was ruling Iran. Achaemenians used Persian language as a means for unification of Iranian tribes after their separation from the common Iranian mother language, and Persian responded this goal successfully. Through the passage of time, from the time of Achaemenian dynasty up the time being, Persian language has encountered various challenges, some desirable and some disastrous. Nowadays many Iranian ethnic groups believe that enforcement of Persian language leads to their local and mother tongues become week. Indeed, this is a false thinking and other languages can use Persian language capabilities for enforcement of their own, because Persian is the common language of all Iranian ethnic groups. In other words, all existing Iranian languages can help each other and make a complementary collection with each other. It can be guessed that from the old and middle eras of Iran up to the present time, tens or may be hundreds of Iranian languages and dialects have been born, some of which have been died and some others are alive. Among these Iranian languages and dialects, some have been luckier in comparison to others. One of the luckiest languages among all Iranian languages has been Persian. Persian has been profited at least of two advantages: firstly the Achaemenian rulers based its foundation very firmly, and secondly Iranians have used it as their unifier language through ages up to now. 5. Conclusion & Suggestions It seems that five major steps were taken in the history of Iran for making Persian a prestigious language among other Iranian languages: 1-introducing Persian as a “national language” among Iranian tribes, 2-being used in Achaemenian rulers’ inscriptions written in cuneiform script, 3-introducing Persian as official language in Iran, 4-translation from other languages into Persian, 5-using Persian in educational institutions. The results show that before Islam, collective attempts of Iranians, and supports of two Iranian governments, namely Achaemenian and Sassanid, made Persian a prestigious language. After Islam, factors such as political-governmental powers, religion, translation, resistance against contacted languages, poetry, literature, calligraphy, education did the same thing for Persian. From the time of Achaemenian up to now, Persian language has gradually achieved the following linguistic PRESTIGE indications: it could have been the national, official, standard, and lingua franca of Iranians,it has affected other languages and even overcome some of them,it has resisted against the supremacy of Greek, Parthian, Arabic and Turkish languages,it has played role in making new languages,and it has finally paved the way for the introduction of cultural, literary, and artistic capabilities among Iranians and even non-Iranians. We can argue that through considering Persian as the common language of all Iranians, it can be used in promoting SOCIAL convergence among Iranians. And, it is obvious that considering Persian only as the heritage of Pars tribe and region, leads to SOCIAL divergence among Iranians. In addition, although today Persian stands at the highest position among Iranian languages and its foundation is relatively firm and strong, this does not mean that nothing can threaten it. It is necessary to emphasize that Persian language always needs to be supported. Right now, to preserve and develop the PRESTIGE of Persian, we must do whatever we can, considering linguistic and language planning views, and also the very nature of the language itself.